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As a basis for the DDR substrate identification approach
2020-02-24
As a basis for the DDR1 substrate identification approach detailed below, we first set out to perform 2D-gel electrophoresis with lysates isolated from collagen-stimulated human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 used by overexpressing DDR1 (b-isoform). This allowed us to determine whether DDR1 is not only c
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The synthetic routes to the substrates based on
2020-02-24
The synthetic routes to the substrates based on the 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene and 6,7-dibromo-2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene cores are depicted in Scheme 3. A Michael-type glycosylation of 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene 16a gave the acetylated sugar 17a which was deprotected giving the required β-glucosidase sub
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br DDR mediated signaling DDRs
2020-02-24
DDR-mediated signaling DDRs initiate signaling pathways in a context and cell type-dependent manner. For instance, DDR1 was reported to activate ERK in vascular smooth muscle dna synthesis inhibitors antibiotics (Lu et al., 2011), to inhibit ERK in mesangial cells (Curat and Vogel, 2002), and to
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The murine subfamily members including and have been identif
2020-02-24
The murine subfamily members including , , , and have been identified and their encoded proteins showed deubiquitinating enzymatic activity , , , . It has been demonstrated that is an immediate-early gene induced by IL-3 in B-lymphocytes and is an IL-2 specific immediate-early gene in T-lymphoc
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Cysteinyl leukotrienes CysLTs are potent inflammatory
2020-02-24
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are potent inflammatory mediators closely associated with cerebral ischemic injury. CysLTs induce inflammatory responses mediated by at least two different CysLT receptors (CysLT1R and CysLT2R) (Bäck et al., 2011, Singh et al., 2010). It has been reported that the Cys
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SB 204070 br Materials and Methods br Results
2020-02-24
Materials and Methods Results Discussion Even though T cell checkpoint inhibitors alone have achieved impressive clinical benefit in some cancers, their application as single agents has had limited efficacy (Hamid et al., 2013; Wolchok et al., 2013). The resistance to immunotherapy is in pa
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Many authors have described the existence of correlation
2020-02-24
Many authors have described the existence of correlation between viability and moisture content and therefore, water availability. Sabuquillo et al. (2010) demonstrated that only Penicillium oxalicum conidial formulations whose initial moisture contents ranged between 5 and 14% retained their viabil
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EP receptor is known to mediate
2020-02-24
EP4 receptor is known to mediate the protective effect of PGE2 on the respiratory, gastrointestinal and glomerular epithelial lining (Aoudjit et al, 2006, Kabashima et al, 2002, Schmidt et al, 2011). In this study, the expression of asEP4 in the gills was limited to the epithelial lining suggesting
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CDK S phosphorylation status influences the differential cel
2020-02-22
CDK5-S47 phosphorylation status influences the differential cellular proliferation versus migration response: Previous work from our laboratory has shown CDK5 to be a critical determinant of the cellular proliferation-migration dichotomy whereby CDK5 activation downstream of stimulated epidermal gro
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Vacuolin-1 In order to validate the ATP competitive mode of
2020-02-22
In order to validate the ATP competitive mode of inhibition, compound 12 was selected as a representative inhibitor of this series, and the IC50 values were determined at eight different concentrations of compound 12 ranging from 0.001 to 100 μM, and repeated four times using different ATP concentra
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In some cases more than one CYP enzyme
2020-02-22
In some cases, more than one CYP450 enzyme may be involved in the metabolism of a drug, and an Eadie–Hofstee plot is usually more reliable for assessing the involvement of multiple Polyphyllin VII (Bu, 2006). Therefore, we first plotted the Eadie–Hofstee curves and observed their shape to determine
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Another pathway that requires proper DUB recruitment is the
2020-02-22
Another pathway that requires proper DUB recruitment is the DNA damage response (DDR). After ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage, monoubiquitylated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mediates signaling that leads to repair. The DUB complex USP1/USP1-associated factor 1 (UAF1) deubiquitylates
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The results described in the present study
2020-02-22
The results described in the present study confirm key restrictions on reaction conditions which must considered to maximize reactor productivity. Increased viscosity should be avoided for the amination of ketones by L-AmDH, as a 4-fold increase in viscosity can lower the reaction rate by as much as
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Proteases as multifunctional enzymes play key roles in
2020-02-22
Proteases, as multifunctional enzymes, play key roles in controlling a wide variety of cellular and extracellular processes in plants and animals, including protein degradation and processing, germination, complement activation, inflammation, responses to environmental stimuli, senescence and so on.
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To ascertain that the slower migrating bands represented
2020-02-22
To ascertain that the slower migrating bands represented phosphorylated CDK5, we performed a phosphatase assay. Lysates of dub ubiquitin co-expressing p35 and either WT or D144N CDK5 were immunoprecipitated using an anti-p35 antibody. The immunoprecipitates were then dephosphorylated using SAP along
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