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Interestingly in vivo infusion and uptake of Ang II
2022-07-04
Interestingly, in vivo infusion and uptake of Ang II in intact mice indicated that multiligand endocytic receptor megalin has at least some role in the uptake of Ang II and the downstream signaling process in proximal tubule Fenofibrate (PTCs) in vivo [173]. Earlier in vivo studies showed that PTCs
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NPxY was recognized as the
2022-07-04
NPxY was recognized as the first short signal sequence motif in the cytoplasmic domain of membrane receptors and proteins with critical roles in internalization and trafficking of receptor molecules [130]. Including LDL receptor, beta-1 integrin, megalin, beta-amyloid precursor protein, EGF receptor
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Concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying transcription
2022-07-04
Concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation of the GSTP1-1 gene expression we and others have characterized structural and functional properties of the human GSTP1-1 promoter. GSTP1-1 gene promoter activity is driven by a TATA-box [16] as well as Spl [16], [17], AP-1 [1
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Introduction Multiple sclerosis MS a
2022-07-04
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS), a neurological autoimmune disease, is driven by CD4+ γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester of the T helper (TH) cells [1]. There is no curative treatment for MS and the present treatments typically focus on immunomodulation for slowing the progression of the disease.
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br Conclusion br Conflict of interest
2022-07-04
Conclusion Conflict of interest References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements Introduction Free fatty acids (FFAs) are essential nutrients that contribute to various cellular functio
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The activation of the ERK pathway
2022-07-04
The activation of the ERK pathway participates in the transmission of pain signaling by sensitizing primary afferents (Ji et al., 2009, Lai et al., 2011). Thus, the blockade of ERK activation in the primary sensory pmsf can reduce the mechanical hypersensitivity and the thermal hypersensitivity in
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Generally speaking the regulation of
2022-07-04
Generally speaking, the regulation of GnIH on gonadotropins synthesis and release, although controversial, could be direct and/or indirect via GnRH, among others peptides. In this sense, different scenarios have been reported in vertebrates. In mammalian and avian species, GnIH fibers reach the medi
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Although side effects as paresthesia due to the
2022-07-04
Although side effects as paresthesia due to the application of β-alanine are known, a study in 2006 pointed out that there are no clinical (biochemical or hematological) changes after a long-term supplementation with β-alanine. In 2015, the International Society of Sports Nutrition rejected any argu
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The LBD experiences a large scale conformational
2022-07-04
The LBD experiences a large-scale conformational transition between open and closed states upon agonist binding within the cleft separating the two lobes of the domain. The upper lobe (Lobe 1, also called D1) is connected to the ATD, and the lower lobe (Lobe 2, also called D2) is connected to the TM
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bcr-abl inhibitors Nuclear export of GK has
2022-07-04
Nuclear export of GK has been reported to be dependent on a GK nuclear export signal (NES), mapped to residues 300–310 (Shiota et al., 1999). The assignment of a nuclear export signal common to both the liver and pancreatic GK isoform sequence suggests a possible reversible translocation of GK acros
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The role of the ER EK variant which is associated
2022-07-04
The role of the ER22/23EK variant which is associated with relative resistance to GC, as shown by a reduction of transactivating capacity in vitro and less suppression of Amikacin synthesis levels after 1mg DST in vivo. Relative GC resistance associated with the ER22/23EK polymorphism might protect
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Two pathways have emerged to explain
2022-07-04
Two pathways have emerged to explain the beneficial metabolic effect of Roux-en-Y bypass [Fig. 3]. Firstly, the rapid delivery of nutrients to the distal small intestine and bowel might up-regulate secretion of a physiological stimulus that improves glucose homeostasis. As such, GLP-1 represents an
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Galanin a amino acid peptide was first isolated
2022-07-04
Galanin, a 29/30-amino-acid peptide, was first isolated in 1983 from porcine intestine by Tatemoto and collaborators [70]. It is widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as other tissues. It is involved in a wide range of physiological functions, such as modul
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Single cell reverse transcriptase PCR
2022-07-04
Single-cell reverse transcriptase-PCR on A. mellifera antennal lobe (AL) cells showed the expression of RDL as well as another GABA receptor like subunit, LCCH3 (Dupuis et al., 2010). Based on whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiology it was concluded that the predominant GABA receptors in AL cells a
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br Methods br Results It is well known
2022-07-02
Methods Results It is well known that during the onset of vasoconstriction there is an increase in intracellular Ca2+ which activates myosin light-chain kinase followed by cycling of actin-myosin cross-bridges in VSMCs. Recently, it has been recognized that CCG 203971 polymerization is also i
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